谁能帮忙找一下金融控股公司方面的英文资料啊？

金融控股公司就是投行吗？如果是的，下面的文章就是你要的
investment banks help companies and **s ra**e money by **suing and selling securities in the capital markets(both equity and debt),as well as providing advice on transactions such as mergers and acqu**itions.until the late 1980s,the united states and canada maintained a separation between investment banking and commercial banks.
a majority of investment banks offer strategic adv**ory services for mergers,acqu**itions,divestiture or other financial services for clients,such as the trading of derivatives,fixed income,foreign exchange,commodity,and equity securities.
trading securities for cash or securities(i.e.,facilitating transactions,market-making),or the promotion of securities(i.e.,underwriting,research,etc.)** referred to as the"sell side.
dealing with the pension funds,mutual funds,hedge funds,and the investing public who consume the products and services of the sell-side in order to maximize their return on investment constitutes the"buy side".many firms h**e buy and sell side components
organizational structure of an investment bank
[edit]the main activities and units
on behalf of the bank and its clients,the primary function of the bank ** buying and selling products.banks undertake r**k through proprietary trading,done by a special set of traders who do not interface with clients and through principal r**k,r**k undertaken by a trader after he buys or sells a product to a client and does not hedge h** total exposure.banks seek to maximize profitability for a given amount of r**k on their balance sheet.
an investment bank ** split into the so-called front office,middle office,and back office.
[edit]front office
investment banking ** the traditional aspect of investment banks which involves helping customers ra**e funds in the capital markets and adv**ing on mergers and acqu**itions.these jobs tend to be extremely competitive and difficult to land.investment banking may involve subscribing investors to a security **suance,coordinating with bidders,or negotiating with a merger target.other terms for the investment banking div**ion include mergers and acqu**itions(m&a)and corporate finance.the investment banking div**ion(ibd)** generally divided into industry coverage and product coverage groups.industry coverage groups focus on a specific industry such as healthcare,industrials,or technology,and maintain relationships with corporations within the industry to bring in business for a bank.product coverage groups focus on financial products,such as mergers and acqu**itions,leveraged finance,equity,and high-grade debt.
investment management ** the professional management of various securities(shares,bonds,etc.)and other assets(e.g.real estate),to meet specified investment goals for the benefit of the investors.investors may be institutions(insurance companies,pension funds,corporations etc.)or private investors(both directly via investment contracts and commonly via collective investment schemes eg.mutual funds).the investment management div**ion of an investment bank ** generally divided into separate groups,often known as private wealth management and private client services.asset management deals with institutional investors,while private wealth management manages the funds of high net-worth individuals.
sales&trading in the process of market making,traders will buy and sell financial products with the goal of making an incremental amount of money on each trade.sales ** the term for the investment banks sales force,whose primary job ** to call on institutional and high-net-worth investors to suggest trading ideas (on c**eat emptor bas**)and take orders.sales desks then communicate their clients' orders to the appropriate trading desks,who can price and execute trades,or structure new products that fit a specific need.
structuring has been a relatively recent div**ion as derivatives h**e come into play,with highly technical and numerate employees wo**ng on creating complex structured products which typically offer much greater margins and returns than underlying cash securities.the necessity for numerical ability has created jobs for physics and math ph.d.s who act as quants.
merchant banking ** a private equity activity of investment banks.[1]examples include goldman sachs capital partners and jpmorgan one equity partners.sometimes,merchant banking ** a part of alternative investment div**ion.
research ** the div**ion which reviews companies and writes reports about their prospects,often with"buy"or"sell"ratings.while the research div**ion generates no revenue,its resources are used to ass**t traders in trading,the sales force in suggesting ideas to customers,and investment bankers by covering their clients.there ** a potential conflict of interest between the investment bank and its analys** in that publ**hed analys** can affect the profits of the bank.therefore in recent years the relationship between investment banking and research has become highly regulated requiring a chinese wall between public and private functions.
strategy ** the div**ion which adv**es external as well as internal clients on the strategies that can be adopted in various markets.ranging from derivatives to specific industries,strateg**ts place companies and industries in a quantitative framework with full consideration of the macroeconomic scene.th** strategy often affects the way the firm will operate in the market,the direction it would like to take in terms of its proprietary and flow positions,the suggestions salespersons give to clients,as well as the way structurers create new products.
[edit]middle office
r**k management involves analyzing the market and credit r**k that traders are taking onto the balance sheet in conducting their daily trades,and setting limits on the amount of capital that they are able to trade in order to prevent 'bad' trades h**ing a detrimental effect to a desk overall.another key middle office role ** to ensure that the above mentioned economic r**ks are captured accurately(as per agreement of commercial terms with the counterparty),correctly(as per standardized booking models in the most appropriate systems)and on time(typically within 30 minutes of trade execution).in recent years the r**k of errors has become known as"operational r**k"and the assurance middle offices provide now includes measures to address th** r**k.when th** assurance ** not in place,market and credit r**k analys** can be unreliable and open to deliberate manipulation.
finance areas are responsible for an investment bank's capital management and r**k monitoring.by tracking and analyzing the capital flows of the firm,the finance div**ion ** the principal adv**er to senior management on essential areas such as controlling the firm's global r**k exposure and the profitability and structure of the firm's various businesses.in the united states and united kingdom,a financial controller ** a senior position,often reporting to the chief financial officer.
compliance areas are responsible for an investment bank's daily operations' compliance with fsa regulations and internal regulations.often also considered a back-office div**ion.
[edit]back office
operations involves data-checking trades that h**e been conducted,ensuring that they are not erroneous,and transacting the required transfers.while some believe it provides the greatest job security with the bleakest career prospects of the div**ions within an investment bank,many h**e outsourced operations.it ** however a critical part of the bank that involves managing the financial **rmation of the bank and ensures efficient capital markets through the financial reporting function.in recent years due to increased competition in finance related careers,college degrees are now mandatory at most tier 1 investment banks.a finance degree has proved significant in understanding the depth of the deals and transactions that occur across all the div**ions of the bank.
technology refers to the it department.every major investment bank has considerable amounts of in-house software,created by the technology team,who are also responsible for computer and telecommunications-based support.technology has changed considerably in the last few years as sales and trading desks are using electronic trading platforms.these platforms can serve as auto-executed hedging to complex model driven algorithms.
an investment bank can also be split into private and public functions with a chinese wall which separates the two to prevent **rmation from crossing.the private areas of the bank deal with private insider **rmation that may not be publicly d**closed,while the public areas such as stock analys** deal with public **rmation.
[edit]employment
in the united kingdom graduates apply to investment banks than for any other career because of the exciting city based work,good compensation benefits package and prestige of firms such as ubs,credit su**se,goldman sachs,morgan stanley,merrill lynch,and jp morgan.
similarly,the same trend seemed to apply to singapore where careers with such banks are deemed prestigious.
[edit]size of industry
global investment banking revenue increased for the fifth year running in 2007,to$84.3 billion.[2]th** was up 21%on the previous year and than double the level in 2003.despite a record year for fee income,many investment banks h**e experienced large losses related to their exposure to us sub-prime securities investments.
the us was the primary source of investment banking income in 2007,with 53%of the total,a proportion which has fallen somewhat during the past decade.europe(with middle east and africa)generated 32%of the total,slightly up on its 30%share a decade ago.asian countries generated the remaining 15%.over the past decade,fee income from the us increased by 80%.th** compares with a 217%increase in europe and 250%increase in asia during th** period.
investment banking ** one of the ...